集群:后台服务器开发，高级架构技术必不可少的知识点

主要有：

MySQL集群

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Redis学习教程推荐

Linux服务器开发中如何使用redis

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安装redis 集群

第一步：安装相关依赖包

1):安装redis-cluster依赖:redis-cluster的依赖库在使用时有兼容问题,在reshard时会遇到各种错误,请按指定版本安装.

(1)确保系统安装zlib,否则geminstall会报(no such file to load -- zlib)
    #download:zlib-1.2.6.tar  
    ./configure 
    make 
make install  
或者
yum install zlib

(1)安装ruby

   cd /path/ruby 
   ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/ruby 
   make 
   make install 
sudo cp ruby/usr/local/bin 
或者 yum install ruby

(2)安装

rubygem:version(1.8.16)

    #rubygems-1.8.16.tgz 
   cd /path/gem 
   sudo ruby setup.rb 
sudo cp bin/gem/usr/local/bin 
或者 yum install rubygems

(3)安装gem-redis:version(3.0.0)

    gem install redis --version 3.0.0 
    #由于源的原因，可能下载失败，就手动下载下来安装 
    #download地址:http://rubygems.org/gems/redis/versions/3.0.0 
    gem install -l /data/soft/redis-3.0.0.gem

第二步：安装redis-3.2.0

cd /home/lvnian/tools/
tar xf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
cd redis-3.2.0
make
make install
 
cd src/
cp redis-server  /usr/local/bin  
cp redis-cli /usr/local/bin
cp redis-trib.rb /usr/local/bin

创建集群需要的目录

[root@gaogd /]mkdir -p /redis/{6000..6005}
[root@gaogd /]#cd /redis/
[root@gaogd redis]# ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:39 6000
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:54 6001
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:39 6002
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:39 6003
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:51 6004
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May  9 03:39 6005
[root@gaogd redis]#

修改配置文件redis.conf

cp /home/lvnian/tools/redis-3.2.0/redis.conf  /redis
vi /redis/redis.conf

##修改配置文件中的下面选项

port 6000
daemonize yes
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes

##修改完redis.conf配置文件中的这些配置项之后把这个配置文件分别拷贝到6000/6001/6002/6003/6004/6005目录下面

cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6000/
cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6001/
cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6002/
cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6003/
cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6004/
cp /redis/redis.conf   /redis/6005/

##注意：拷贝完成之后要修改6000/6001/6002/6003/6004/6005目录下面redis.conf文件中的port参数，分别改为对应的文件夹的名称

启动redis的每个实例

cd /redis/6000
redis-server redis.conf &
 
cd /redis/6001
redis-server redis.conf &
 
cd /redis/6002
redis-server redis.conf  &
 
cd /redis/6003
redis-server redis.conf  &
 
cd /redis/6004
redis-server redis.conf  &

cd /redis/6005
redis-server redis.conf  &
[root@gaogd redis]# netstat -lntp|grep redis
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11046/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6001              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11041/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6002              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11049/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6003              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11052/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6004              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11055/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6005              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11058/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16000             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11046/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16001             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11041/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16002             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11049/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16003             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11052/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16004             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11055/redis-server  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:16005             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      11058/redis-server  
[root@gaogd redis]#

1执行redis的创建集群命令创建集群

cd /home/lvnian/tools/redis-3.2.0/src
./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:6000  127.0.0.1:6001  127.0.0.1:6002 127.0.0.1:6003 127.0.0.1:6004  127.0.0.1:6005

2执行上面的命令的时候会报错，因为是执行的ruby的脚本，需要ruby的环境

错误内容：

/usr/bin/env: ruby: No such file or directory

所以需要安装ruby的环境，这里推荐使用yum install ruby安装

yum install ruby

3然后再执行第1步的创建集群命令，还会报错，提示缺少rubygems组件，使用yum安装

错误内容：

./redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (LoadError)from ./redis-trib.rb:24
yum install rubygems

4再次执行第1步的命令，还会报错，提示不能加载redis，是因为缺少redis和ruby的接口，使用gem 安装

错误内容：

/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (LoadError)
from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require'from ./redis-trib.rb:25
gem install redis

5.再次执行第1步的命令，正常执行

[root@gaogd src]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas1 127.0.0.1:6000  127.0.0.1:6001  127.0.0.1:6002 127.0.0.1:6003127.0.0.1:6004  127.0.0.1:6005
>>> Creating cluster
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6nodes...
Using 3 masters:
127.0.0.1:6000
127.0.0.1:6001
127.0.0.1:6002
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6003 to 127.0.0.1:6000
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6004 to 127.0.0.1:6001
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6005 to 127.0.0.1:6002
M: d968e771065b571e832b32b793ae235269ae7c6c127.0.0.1:6000
  slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 7d8a4d617f2ada37f0efbdc1ce23accd9930a853127.0.0.1:6001
  slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 75a450d2d95eb5849aa33f50b1c6c6fac701aebf127.0.0.1:6002
  slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: 2ec788dd51b6fee6fae76b1fa7c009bcfd1bafff127.0.0.1:6003
   replicatesd968e771065b571e832b32b793ae235269ae7c6c
S: cc2ce728ad7a8dee323dcd6ec5c0f21927bef71a127.0.0.1:6004
   replicates7d8a4d617f2ada37f0efbdc1ce23accd9930a853
S: 6668aae6f3ce06cf4269977f82163876630abec8127.0.0.1:6005
   replicates75a450d2d95eb5849aa33f50b1c6c6fac701aebf
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' toaccept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch toeach node
11046:M 09 May 03:39:21.630 # configEpoch set to 1via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
11041:M 09 May 03:39:21.630 # configEpoch set to 2via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
11049:M 09 May 03:39:21.631 # configEpoch set to 3via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
11052:M 09 May 03:39:21.631 # configEpoch set to 4via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
11055:M 09 May 03:39:21.631 # configEpoch set to 5via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
11058:M 09 May 03:39:21.632 # configEpoch set to 6via CLUSTER SET-CONFIG-EPOCH
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to jointhe cluster
11046:M 09 May 03:39:21.660 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
11049:M 09 May 03:39:21.736 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
11055:M 09 May 03:39:21.736 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
11041:M 09 May 03:39:21.736 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
11058:M 09 May 03:39:21.736 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
11052:M 09 May 03:39:21.736 # IP address for thisnode updated to 127.0.0.1
Waiting for the cluster to join...
11052:S 09 May 03:39:25.655 # Cluster statechanged: ok
11055:S 09 May 03:39:25.656 # Cluster statechanged: ok
11058:S 09 May 03:39:25.657 # Cluster statechanged: ok
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node127.0.0.1:6000)
M: d968e771065b571e832b32b793ae235269ae7c6c127.0.0.1:6000
  slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 7d8a4d617f2ada37f0efbdc1ce23accd9930a853127.0.0.1:6001
  slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 75a450d2d95eb5849aa33f50b1c6c6fac701aebf127.0.0.1:6002
  slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
M: 2ec788dd51b6fee6fae76b1fa7c009bcfd1bafff127.0.0.1:6003
   slots: (0slots) master
   replicatesd968e771065b571e832b32b793ae235269ae7c6c
M: cc2ce728ad7a8dee323dcd6ec5c0f21927bef71a127.0.0.1:6004
   slots: (0slots) master
   replicates7d8a4d617f2ada37f0efbdc1ce23accd9930a853
M: 6668aae6f3ce06cf4269977f82163876630abec8127.0.0.1:6005
   slots: (0slots) master
   replicates75a450d2d95eb5849aa33f50b1c6c6fac701aebf
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.

至此redis集群即搭建成功！

使用redis-cli命令进入集群环境

[root@gaogd redis-3.2.0]# redis-cli -c -p 6000
127.0.0.1:6000>